Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code unless otherwise noted.
E-filing returns.
The Taxpayer First Act of 2019 authorized the Department of the Treasury and the IRS to issue regulations that reduce the 250-return e-file threshold. T.D. 9972, published February 23, 2023, lowered the e-file threshold to 10 (calculated by aggregating all information returns), effective for information returns required to be filed on or after January 1, 2024. Go to IRS.gov/InfoReturn for e-file options.
For the latest information about developments related to the General Instructions for Certain Information Returns after they were published, go to General Instructions for Certain Information Returns at IRS.gov/1099GeneralInstructions.
Information Reporting Intake System (IRIS).
The IRS has developed IRIS, an online portal that allows taxpayers to electronically file (e-file) information returns after December 31, 2022, for 2022 and later tax years. IRIS is a free service. See part F or go to IRS.gov/IRIS for additional information and updates.
Where to send extension of time to furnish statements to recipients.
An extension of time to furnish the statements is now a fax-only submission. See Extension of time to furnish statements to recipients , later, for more information.
Due date for certain statements sent to recipients.
The due date for furnishing statements to recipients for Forms 1099-B, 1099-S, and 1099-MISC (if amounts are reported in boxes 8 or 10) is February 17, 2025. This also applies to statements furnished as part of a consolidated reporting statement. See the Guide to Information Returns for due dates for all returns.
E-file.
E-filers are reminded that using the FIRE System requires following the specifications contained in Pub. 1220. IRIS users should follow the specifications in Pub. 5717, IRIS Taxpayer Portal User Guide. Also, the IRS does not provide a fill-in form option for most forms required to be filed with the IRS covered by these instructions; however, see Online fillable forms in part E, later. See part F for information on e-file.
Online fillable forms Copies 1, B, 2, C, and D.
Copies 1, B, 2, C, and D, as applicable, to be furnished to recipients and kept in filers’ records, have been made fillable online at IRS.gov for many forms referenced in these instructions. See the separate instructions for Forms 1098, 1098-E&T, 1098-F, 1098-Q, 1099-A&C, 1099-B, 1099-DIV, 1099-G, 1099-INT&OID, 1099-K, 1099-LS, 1099-MISC&NEC, 1099-PATR, 1099-R&5498, 1099-S, 1099-SB, and 3921.
Payee.
Throughout these instructions, the term “payee” means the person with respect to whom Forms 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, or W-2G are required to be filed, including beneficiaries, borrowers, debtors, donors, employees, insureds, participants, payment or credit recipients, policyholders, sellers, shareholders, students, transferors, and winners.
The Internal Revenue Service is a proud partner with the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children® (NCMEC). Photographs of missing children selected by the Center may appear in instructions on pages that would otherwise be blank. You can help bring these children home by looking at the photographs and calling 1-800-THE-LOST (1-800-843-5678) if you recognize a child.
In addition to these general instructions, which contain general information concerning Forms 1096, 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, and W-2G, we provide specific form instructions separately. Get the instructions you need for completing a specific form from the following list of separate instructions.
You can also obtain the latest developments for each of the forms and instructions listed here by visiting their information pages at IRS.gov. See the separate instructions for each form on the webpage via the link.
See the chart, later, for a brief summary of information return reporting rules.
You must send Copies A of all paper Forms 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, and W-2G to the IRS with Form 1096, Annual Summary and Transmittal of U.S. Information Returns. Instructions for completing Form 1096 are contained on Form 1096. Also see part E .
If you backup withhold on a payment, you must file the appropriate Form 1099 or Form W-2G with the IRS and furnish a statement to the recipient to report the amount of the payment and the amount withheld. This applies even though the amount of the payment may be below the normal threshold for filing Form 1099 or Form W-2G. For how to report backup withholding, see part N .
If you are using a substitute form to furnish information statements to recipients (generally Copy B), be sure your substitute statements comply with the rules in Pub. 1179. Pub. 1179, which is revised annually, explains the requirements for format and content of substitute statements to recipients. See part M for additional information.
TIN Matching allows a payer or authorized agent who is required to file Forms 1099-B, DIV, G, INT, K, MISC, NEC, OID, and/or PATR, which report income subject to backup withholding, to match TIN and name combinations with IRS records before submitting the forms to the IRS. TIN Matching is one of the e-services products that is offered and is accessible through the IRS website. For program guidelines, see Pub. 2108-A, or go to IRS.gov and enter keyword “TIN Matching” in the upper right corner. It is anticipated that payers who validate the TIN and name combinations before filing information returns will receive fewer backup withholding (CP2100) notices and penalty notices. E-services technical support is available by calling 866-255-0654.
See the separate specific instructions for each form.
Nominee/middleman returns.
Generally, if you receive a Form 1099 for amounts that actually belong to another person, you are considered a nominee recipient. You must file a Form 1099 with the IRS (the same type of Form 1099 you received) for each of the other owners showing the amounts allocable to each. You must also furnish a Form 1099 to each of the other owners. File the new Form 1099 with Form 1096 with the IRS Submission Processing Center for your area. On each new Form 1099, list yourself as the “payer” and the other owner as the “recipient.” On Form 1096, list yourself as the “Filer.” A spouse is not required to file a nominee return to show amounts owned by the other spouse. The nominee, not the original payer, is responsible for filing the subsequent Forms 1099 to show the amount allocable to each owner.
Successor/predecessor reporting.
A successor business entity (a corporation, partnership, or sole proprietorship) and a predecessor business entity (a corporation, partnership, or sole proprietorship) may agree that the successor will assume all or some of the predecessor's information reporting responsibilities. This would permit the successor to file one Form 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, or W-2G for each recipient combining the predecessor's and successor's reportable amounts, including any withholding. If they so agree and the successor satisfies the predecessor's obligations and the conditions described on this page, the predecessor does not have to file the specified information returns for the acquisition year. If the successor and predecessor do not agree, or if the requirements described are not met, the predecessor and the successor each must file Forms 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, and W-2G for their own reportable amounts as they usually would. For more information and the rules that apply to filing combined Forms 1042-S, see Rev. Proc. 99-50, which is available on page 757 of Internal Revenue Bulletin 1999-52 at IRS.gov/pub/irs-irbs/irb99-52.pdf.
The combined reporting procedure is available when all the following conditions are met.
The predecessor and the successor must agree on the specific forms to which the combined reporting procedure applies and that the successor assumes the predecessor's entire information reporting obligations for these forms. The predecessor and successor may agree to:
On each Form 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, and W-2G filed by the successor, the successor must combine the predecessor's (before the acquisition) and successor's reportable amounts, including any withholding, for the acquisition year and report the aggregate. For transactional reporting, the successor must report each of the predecessor's transactions and each of its own transactions on the appropriate form. The successor may include with the form sent to the recipient additional information explaining the combined reporting.
For purposes of the combined reporting procedure, the sharing of TINs and other information obtained under section 3406 for information reporting and backup withholding purposes does not violate the confidentiality rules in section 3406(f).
The successor must file a statement with the IRS indicating the forms that are being filed on a combined basis under Rev. Proc. 99-50. The statement must:
Qualified settlement funds.
A qualified settlement fund must file information returns for distributions to claimants if any transferor to the fund would have been required to file if the transferor had made the distributions directly to the claimants.
For distributions to transferors, a fund is considered in a trade or business for information reporting purposes and may be required to file Form 1099-MISC or other information returns. For payments made by the fund on behalf of a claimant or transferor, the fund is subject to these same rules and may have to file information returns for payment to third parties. For information reporting purposes, a payment made by the fund on behalf of a claimant or transferor is considered a distribution to the claimant or transferor and is also subject to information reporting requirements.
The same filing requirements, exceptions, and thresholds may apply to qualified settlement funds as apply to any other payer. That is, the fund must determine the character of the payment (for example, interest, fixed or determinable income, or gross proceeds from broker transactions) and to whom the payment is made (for example, corporation or individual).
For more information, see Regulations section 1.468B-2(l). Also, see Treasury Decision (T.D.) 9249, 2006-10 I.R.B. 546, available at IRS.gov/irb/2006-10_IRB#TD-9249. T.D. 9249 relates to escrow and similar funds.
Payments to foreign persons.
See the Instructions for Form 1042-S, relating to U.S. source income of foreign persons, for reporting requirements relating to payments to foreign persons.
Widely held fixed investment trusts (WHFITs).
Trustees and middlemen of WHFITs are required to report all items of gross income and proceeds on the appropriate Form 1099. For the definition of a WHFIT, see Regulations section 1.671-5(b)(22). A tax information statement that includes the information provided to the IRS on Forms 1099, as well as additional information identified in Regulations section 1.671-5(e), must be furnished to trust interest holders (TIHs).
Items of gross income (including original issue discount (OID)) attributable to the TIH for the calendar year, including all amounts of income attributable to selling, purchasing, or redeeming of a trust holder's interest in the WHFIT, must be reported. Items of income that are required to be reported, including non-pro rata partial principal payments, trust sales proceeds, redemption asset proceeds, and sales of a trust interest on a secondary market, must be reported on Form 1099-B. See Regulations section 1.671-5(d).
Safe harbor rules for determining the amount of an item to be reported on Form 1099 and a tax information statement with respect to a TIH in a non-mortgage WHFIT (NMWHFIT) and a widely held mortgage trust (WHMT) are found in Regulations sections 1.671-5(f) and (g), respectively.
Trustees and middlemen must follow all the rules for filing Forms 1099 with the IRS and furnishing a statement to the TIH (except as noted below) as described in parts A through S of these instructions. Trustees and middlemen should also follow the separate instructions for Forms 1099-B, 1099-DIV, 1099-INT, 1099-MISC, and 1099-OID, as applicable, which may address additional income reporting requirements.
The written tax information for 2024 furnished to the TIH is due on or before March 17, 2025. For other items of expense and credit that must be reported to the TIH, see Regulations section 1.671-5(c).
There is no reporting requirement if the TIH is an exempt recipient unless the trustee or middleman backup withholds under section 3406. If the trustee or middleman backup withholds, then follow the rules in part N . An exempt recipient for this purpose is defined in Regulations section 1.671-5(b)(7).
Items of a WHFIT attributable to a TIH who is not a U.S. person must be reported and amounts withheld following the provisions of sections 1441 through 1464. See Form 1042-S and its separate instructions for more information.
If you are required to report an account that is a U.S. account under chapter 4 of the Internal Revenue Code, you may be eligible to elect to report the account on Form(s) 1099 instead of on Form 8966, FATCA Report.
If the account is either a U.S. account held by a passive nonfinancial foreign entity (NFFE) that is a U.S.-owned foreign entity or an account held by an owner-documented FFI, do not file a Form 1099 with respect to such an account. Instead, you must file Form 8966, in accordance with its requirements and its accompanying instructions, to report the account for chapter 4 purposes.
Election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(A).
You are eligible to make this election to report an account on Form(s) 1099 if:
Election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(B).
You are eligible to make this election to report an account on Form(s) 1099 if:
You may make an election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(A) or (B) either with respect to all such U.S. accounts or with respect to any clearly identified group of such accounts (for example, by line of business or by location where the account is maintained).
Special reporting by U.S. payer described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(2)(iii)(A).
If you are a U.S. payer that is a PFFI other than a U.S. branch, you may also satisfy your requirement to report with respect to a U.S. account for chapter 4 purposes by reporting on each appropriate Form 1099 in the manner described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(2)(iii)(A).
Reporting procedure.
If you are an FFI that is eligible to make an election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(A) or (B) or are a U.S. payer reporting as described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(2)(iii)(A), you must do so by filing each appropriate Form 1099 with the IRS and reporting the payments required to be reported by a U.S. payer (as defined in Regulations section 1.6049-5(c)(5)) with respect to the account. However, see Payments required to be reported , later. Also see the separate specific instructions for each form to determine which form to file.
All Form 1099 filers must have an EIN. If you have not previously filed a Form 1099 or other return, you must obtain an EIN and include it on each Form 1099 that you file. See part K for more information, including how to obtain an EIN and exceptions to the EIN rule.
In addition to the information otherwise required to be reported on the appropriate Form 1099, you must also include the following information for each account you are reporting as described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(2)(iii)(A) or (d)(5)(i)(A) or (B).
If you are an FFI making an election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(A) or (B), or are a U.S. payer reporting as described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(2)(iii)(A), you are required to report the payee’s account number on each Form 1099 you file (regardless of the fact that the account number may otherwise be optional for purposes of reporting on the applicable Form 1099).
If you are a sponsoring entity that is reporting a U.S. account on behalf of a sponsored FFI described above, report on the appropriate Form(s) 1099 the following information in the payer boxes (if filing on paper) or in the appropriate fields of the payer record (if e-filing).
In addition, if you are e-filing, enter numeric code “1” in the “Transfer Agent Indicator” field. See Pub. 1220 for e-file of forms. If you are filing on paper, enter your Global Intermediary Identification Number (GIIN) in the lower right-hand portion of the title area on the top of Form 1096. For transmittal of paper forms, see Form 1096 and its accompanying instructions.
If you are an FFI described above that is electing to report an account to which you did not make any payments for the calendar year that are required to be reported on a Form 1099, you must report the account on Form 1099-MISC or Form 1099-NEC. In addition, if you made any payments for the calendar year that would be required to be reported on a Form 1099 if not for an applicable dollar amount threshold, you must also report the account on Form 1099-MISC or Form 1099-NEC. See the Instructions for Forms 1099-MISC and 1099-NEC.
Payments required to be reported.
If you make an election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(A) or (B), you are required to report any payments made to the account as required for purposes of the election, that is, payments that would be reportable under sections 6041, 6042, 6045, and 6049 if you were a U.S. payer.
Reporting under chapter 4 does not affect an FFI’s otherwise applicable obligations to report payments as a payer under chapter 61.
Forms 1099 used.
The payments required to be reported under this election for calendar year 2024 must be reported, as applicable, on Form 1099-B, Proceeds From Broker or Barter Exchange Transactions; 1099-DIV, Dividends and Distributions; 1099-INT, Interest Income; 1099-MISC, Miscellaneous Information; 1099-NEC, Nonemployee Compensation; 1099-OID, Original Issue Discount; or 1099-R, Distributions From Pensions, Annuities, Retirement or Profit-Sharing Plans, IRAs, Insurance Contracts, etc. Also see the separate specific instructions for each form.
Definitions.
Generally, for detailed information about definitions that apply for purposes of chapter 4, see Regulations section 1.1471-1(b). A Reporting foreign intermediary (FI) under a Model 2 Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) should also refer to definitions that may apply under that IGA or apply pursuant to any applicable domestic law pertaining to its FATCA obligations. Solely for purposes of filing Forms 1099, the following definitions are provided to help guide filers through the process.
An account means a financial account described in Regulations section 1.1471-5(b), including a cash value insurance contract and annuity contract.
An account holder is the person who holds a financial account, as determined under Regulations section 1.1471-5(a)(3).
An FFI generally means a foreign entity that is a financial institution.
An owner-documented FFI is an FFI described in Regulations section 1.1471-5(f)(3).
A PFFI is an FFI that has agreed to comply with the requirements of an FFI agreement with respect to all branches of the FFI, other than a branch that is a Reporting Model 1 FFI or a U.S. branch. The term “PFFI” also includes an FFI described in a Model 2 IGA that has agreed to comply with the requirements of an FFI agreement with respect to a branch, and a qualified intermediary (QI) branch of a U.S. financial institution, unless such branch is a Reporting Model 1 FFI.
A recalcitrant account holder is an account holder (other than an account holder that is an FFI) of a PFFI or RDC FFI that has failed to provide the FFI maintaining its account with the information required under Regulations section 1.1471-5(g).
An RDC FFI is an FFI described in Regulations section 1.1471-5(f)(1), and includes a Reporting Model 1 FFI, a QI branch of a U.S. financial institution that is a Reporting Model 1 FFI, and a nonreporting foreign intermediary (FI) treated as an RDC FFI under a Model 2 IGA.
A Reporting Model 1 FFI is an FI, including a foreign branch of a U.S. financial institution, treated as a reporting financial institution under a Model 1 IGA.
A Reporting Model 2 FFI is an FI or branch of an FI treated as a reporting financial institution under a Model 2 IGA.
A specified U.S. person is any U.S. person described in Regulations section 1.1473-1(c).
A Sponsored FFI is an FFI that is an investment entity, a controlled foreign corporation, or a closely held investment vehicle that has a Sponsoring Entity that performs certain due diligence, withholding, and reporting obligations on behalf of the Sponsored FFI.
A Sponsoring Entity is an entity that has registered with the IRS to perform the due diligence, withholding, and reporting obligations of one or more Sponsored FFIs or Sponsored Direct Reporting NFFEs.
A U.S. account is any account held by one or more specified U.S. persons. A U.S. account also includes any account held by a passive NFFE that has one or more substantial U.S. owners, or in the case of a Reporting Model 2 FFI, any account held by a passive NFFE that has one or more controlling persons that are specified U.S. persons. See Regulations section 1.1471-5(a) and an applicable Model 2 IGA.
The income information you report on the following forms must not be repeated on Forms 1099 or W-2G.
Except as indicated below, file Forms 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, or W-2G on paper by February 28, 2025, or March 31, 2025, if e-filing. File Forms 5498, 5498-ESA, 5498-QA, and 5498-SA by June 2, 2025. Form 1096 must accompany all paper submissions. See part E for paper and part F for e-file requirements.
The following are exceptions to the filing deadlines shown above.
You will meet the requirement to file timely if the form is properly addressed, postmarked, and mailed using the official mail of the United States, or a private delivery service (PDS) designated by the IRS on or before the due date. If the regular due date falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday in the District of Columbia or where the return is to be filed, file by the next business day. A business day is any day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday in the District of Columbia or where the return is to be filed. See part M about providing Forms 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, and W-2G or statements to recipients. See section 11 of Pub. 15 for a list of legal holidays.
Private delivery services (PDSs).
You can use certain PDSs designated by the IRS to meet the “timely mailing as timely filing” rule for information returns. Go to IRS.gov/PDS for the current list of designated PDSs.
The PDS can tell you how to get written proof of the mailing date.
For the IRS mailing address to use if you’re using a PDS, go to IRS.gov/PDSstreetAddresses and select the address that corresponds with the city of the address where you would otherwise mail your information returns under D. Where To File , later.
PDSs can't deliver items to P.O. boxes. You must use the U.S. Postal Service to mail any item to an IRS P.O. box address. Go to IRS.gov/PDSstreetAddresses for the street addresses to be used by PDSs.
Reporting period.
Forms 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, and W-2G are used to report amounts received, paid, credited, donated, transferred, or canceled, in the case of Form 1099-C, during the calendar year. Forms 5498, 5498-ESA, 5498-QA, and 5498-SA are used to report amounts contributed and the fair market value (FMV) of an account for the calendar year.
Extension of time to file.
You can get an automatic 30-day extension of time to file by completing Form 8809. The form may be submitted on paper, or through the FIRE System either as a fill-in form or an electronic file. A signature or explanation may be required for the extension. However, you must file Form 8809 by the due date of the returns in order to get the 30-day extension. Under certain hardship conditions, you may apply for an additional 30-day extension. See Form 8809 for more information.
For Forms W-2 and 1099-NEC, no automatic extension is available. See Form 8809.
For tax year 2024, requests for extensions of time to file Form 5498-QA may be filed on paper only.
As soon as you know that a 30-day extension of time to file is needed, file Form 8809.
For information on requesting an extension of time to furnish statements to recipients, see Extension of time to furnish statements to recipients under part M .
Use the 3-line address for your state for mailing information returns.
Send all information returns filed on paper to the following.
| If your principal business, office or agency, or legal residence in the case of an individual, is located in: | Use the following address: |
| Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Texas, Vermont, Virginia | Internal Revenue Service Austin Submission Processing Center P.O. Box 149213 Austin, TX 78714 |
| Alaska, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming | Department of the Treasury IRS Submission Processing Center P.O. Box 219256 Kansas City, MO 64121-9256 |
| California, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Louisiana, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, West Virginia | Department of the Treasury IRS Submission Processing Center 1973 North Rulon White Blvd. Ogden, UT 84201 |
If your legal residence or principal place of business, or principal office or agency, is outside the United States, use the following address.
Internal Revenue Service
Austin Submission Processing Center
P.O. Box 149213
Austin, TX 78714
State and local tax departments.
Contact the applicable state and local tax department as necessary for reporting requirements and where to file.
The IRS strongly encourages the quality review of data before filing to prevent erroneous notices from being mailed to payees (or others for whom information is being reported).
Generally, you are not required to report payments smaller than the minimum described for a form; however, you may prefer, for economy and your own convenience, to file Copies A for all payments. The IRS encourages this.
If you must file any Form 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, or W-2G with the IRS and you are filing paper forms, you must send a Form 1096 with each type of form as the transmittal document. You must group the forms by form number and submit each group with a separate Form 1096. For example, if you file Forms 1098, 1099-A, and 1099-MISC, complete one Form 1096 to transmit Forms 1098, another for Forms 1099-A, and a third for Forms 1099-MISC. Specific instructions for completing Form 1096 are included on the form. Also, see Transmitters, paying agents, etc. , later. For information about filing corrected paper returns, see part H .
Because the IRS processes paper forms by machine (optical character recognition equipment), you cannot file Form 1096 or Copy A of Forms 1098, 1099, 3921, or 5498 that you print from the IRS website. But see Online fillable forms, later, for some forms that you can fill in and print from the IRS website. Additionally, you can still use Copy B of online forms to provide recipient statements, even if you can’t file the online forms with the IRS.
You can order information returns and instructions online at IRS.gov/OrderForms, or you can mail an order to the address in part T .
See Pub. 1179 for specifications for private printing of substitute information returns. You may not request special consideration. Only forms that conform to the official form and the specifications in Pub. 1179 are acceptable for filing with the IRS.
Online fillable forms.
Due to the very low volume of paper Forms 1097-BTC, 1098-C, 1098-MA, 1098-Q, 1099-CAP, 1099-LTC, 1099-Q, 1099-QA, 1099-SA, 3922, 5498-ESA, 5498-QA, and 5498-SA received and processed by the IRS each year, these forms have been converted to online fillable PDFs. You may fill out these forms, found online at IRS.gov/FormsPubs, and send Copy B to each recipient. For filing with the IRS, follow your usual procedures for e-filing if you are filing 10 or more information returns. If you are filing any of these forms on paper due to a low volume of recipients, for these forms only , you may file a black-and-white Copy A that you print from the IRS website with Form 1096. See part G for paper document reporting. You must not use these online fillable forms if you are required to e-file.
Transmitters, paying agents, etc.
A transmitter, service bureau, paying agent, or disbursing agent (hereafter referred to as “agent”) may sign Form 1096 on behalf of any person required to file (hereafter referred to as “payer”) if the conditions in (1) and (2) below are met.
Signing of the form by an authorized agent on behalf of the payer does not relieve the payer of the liability for penalties for not filing a correct, complete, and timely Form 1096 and accompanying returns.
Forms 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, and W-2G, or acceptable substitute statements, to recipients issued by a service bureau or agent should show the same payer's name as shown on the information returns filed with the IRS.
For information about the election to report and deposit backup withholding under the agent's TIN and how to prepare forms if the election is made, see Rev. Proc. 84-33, 1984-1 C.B. 502, and the Instructions for Form 945.
Keeping copies.
Generally, keep copies of information returns you filed with the IRS, or have the ability to reconstruct the data, for at least 3 years (4 years for Form 1099-C), from the due date of the returns. Keep copies of information returns for 4 years if backup withholding was imposed.
Shipping and mailing.
Send the forms to the IRS in a flat mailer (not folded). If you are sending many forms, you may send them in conveniently sized packages. On each package, write your name, number the packages consecutively, and place Form 1096 in package number 1. Postal regulations require forms and packages to be sent by First-Class Mail.
E-file is available, and may be required, for filing all information returns discussed in these instructions, other than Form 5498-QA (see Who must e-file , later). Different types of payments, such as interest, dividends, and rents, may be reported in the same submission.
You can e-file Forms 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, and W-2G, except Form 5498-QA, through the Filing Information Returns Electronically System (FIRE System); however, you must have software that can produce a file in the proper format according to Pub. 1220. Pub. 1220 provides the procedures for reporting electronically and is updated annually. Pub. 1220 is available at IRS.gov. The FIRE System does not provide a fill-in form option for information return reporting. The FIRE System operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. You may access the FIRE System online at FIRE.IRS.gov. Forms 1099 may also be e-filed using IRIS, described later, without special software.
Form 5498-QA can only be filed on paper.
Information Reporting Intake System (IRIS).
The IRS has developed a free online portal that allows taxpayers to e-file Forms 1099 after December 31, 2022, for 2022 and later returns. Users should follow the specifications in Pub. 5717, IRIS Taxpayer Portal User Guide. Go to IRS.gov/IRIS for additional information and updates.
Due dates.
E-file Forms 1097, most Forms 1098, and most Forms 1099, 3921, 3922, or W-2G by March 31, 2025. File Forms 5498, 5498-ESA, 5498-QA, or 5498-SA by June 2, 2025. See part M about furnishing Forms 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, and W-2G, or statements, to recipients.
File Form 1099-NEC by January 31, 2025.
How to request an extension of time to file.
For information about requesting an extension of time to file, see Extension of time to file , earlier, under part C .
If you e-file, do not file the same returns on paper.
Who must e-file.
If you are required to file 10 or more information returns during the year, you must e-file. The 10-or-more requirement does not apply separately to each type of form. For example, if you must file four Forms 1098 and six Forms 1099-A, you must e-file.
The e-file requirement does not apply if you apply for and receive a hardship waiver. See How to request a waiver from e-filing , later.
If you are required to e-file but fail to do so, and you do not have an approved waiver, you may be subject to a penalty.
The IRS encourages you to e-file.
Filing requirement does not apply separately to originals and corrections.
The e-filing requirement does not apply separately to original returns and corrected returns. If your original information returns are required to be e-filed, any corrected information return must also be e-filed. For example, if you e-file five Forms 1098 and five Forms 1099-DIV and you are making four corrections, your corrections must also be e-filed.
How to report incorrect payer name and/or TIN.
If a payer discovers an error in reporting the payer (not recipient) name and/or TIN, write a letter containing the following information.
Send the letter to: Internal Revenue Service
Information Returns Branch
230 Murall Drive, Mail Stop 4360
Kearneysville, WV 25430
If a payer realizes duplicate reporting or a large percentage of incorrect information has been filed, contact the information reporting customer service site at 866-455-7438 for further instructions.
How to get approval to e-file.
You will need to apply for a Transmitter Control Code (TCC) to e-file information returns. You can e-file Forms 1099 using IRIS and/or FIRE. A separate TCC is required for each system, IRIS-TCC and/or FIRE-TCC. An IRIS TCC will not work for FIRE and vice versa. An EIN is required to apply for a TCC. As the TCC application process may take up to 45 days to process, you should apply before the filing season. Once you receive your TCC, it can be used from year to year. See IRS.gov/InfoReturn for more information.
Form 4419 will no longer be accepted to update information for those that received their TCC before September 26, 2021. See IRS.gov/FIRE for more information.
How to request a waiver from e-filing.
To receive a waiver from the required e-filing of information returns, submit Form 8508 at least 45 days before the due date of the returns for which you are requesting a waiver. You cannot apply for a waiver for more than 1 tax year at a time. If you need a waiver for more than 1 tax year, you must reapply at the appropriate time each year.
If a waiver for original returns is approved, any corrections for the same types of returns will be covered under the waiver. However, if you e-filed original returns but you want to submit your corrections on paper, a waiver must be approved for the corrections.
If you receive an approved waiver, do not send a copy of it to the IRS Submission Processing Center where you file your paper returns. Keep the waiver for your records only.
Penalty.
If you are required to e-file but fail to do so, and you do not have an approved waiver, you may be subject to a penalty for failure to file electronically unless you establish reasonable cause. For most of the information returns discussed in these instructions, the maximum penalty is $330 per return. However, the penalty for a failure to file timely electronically applies only to the extent the number of returns exceeds 10. See part O .
The penalty does not apply separately to original returns and corrected returns. See Filing requirement does not apply separately to originals and corrections , earlier.
If you are required to file 10 or more information returns, see part F .
Follow these guidelines.
Multiple filings.
If, after you file Forms 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, or W-2G, you discover additional forms that are required to be filed, file these forms with a new Form 1096. Do not include copies or information from previously filed returns.
Required format.
Because paper forms are scanned, all Forms 1096 and Copies A of Forms 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, and 5498 must be prepared in accordance with the following instructions. If these instructions are not followed, you may be subject to a penalty for each incorrectly filed document. See part O .
Common errors.
Be sure to check your returns to prevent the following common errors.
To file corrections for e-filed forms, see part F and Pub. 1220.
If you filed a return with the IRS and later discover you made an error on it, you must:
When making a correction, complete all information (see Filing corrected returns on paper forms , later).
Form 1096.
Use a separate Form 1096 for each type of return you are correcting. For the same type of return, you may use one Form 1096 for both originals and corrections. You do not need to correct a previously filed Form 1096.
CORRECTED checkbox.
Enter an “X” in the “CORRECTED” checkbox only when correcting a form previously filed with the IRS or furnished to the recipient. Certain errors require two returns to make the correction. See Filing corrected returns on paper forms, later, to determine when to check the “CORRECTED” checkbox.
Account number.
If the account number was provided on the original return, the same account number must be included on both the original and corrected returns to properly identify and process the correction. If the account number was not provided on the original return, do not include it on the corrected return. See part L .
Recipient's statement.
You may enter a date next to the “CORRECTED” checkbox. This will help the recipient in the case of multiple corrections.
Filing corrected returns on paper forms.
The Error Charts for Filing Corrected Returns on Paper Forms, later, give step-by-step instructions for filing corrected returns for the most frequently made errors. They are grouped under Error Type 1 or 2. Correction of errors may require the submission of more than one return. Be sure to read and follow the steps given.
If you fail to file correct information returns or furnish a correct payee statement, you may be subject to a penalty. See part O. Regulations section 301.6724-1 (relating to information return penalties) does not require you to file corrected returns for missing or incorrect TINs if you meet the reasonable-cause criteria. You are merely required to include the correct TIN on the next original return you are required to file.
However, even if you meet the reasonable-cause criteria, the IRS encourages you to file corrections for incorrect or missing TINs so that the IRS can update the payees' records.
An “X” in the “VOID” box at the top of the form will not correct a previously filed return. See part H for instructions for making corrections.
VOID box.
If a completed or partially completed Form 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, or 5498 is incorrect and you want to void it before submission to the IRS, enter an “X” in the “VOID” box at the top of the form. For example, if you make an error while typing or printing a form, you should void it. The return will then be disregarded during processing by the IRS. Go to the next form on the page, or to another page, and enter the correct information; but do not check the “CORRECTED” checkbox. Do not cut or separate the forms that are two or three to a page. Submit the entire page even if only one of the forms on the page is a good return.
Identify the correction needed based on Error Type 1 or 2; then follow the steps to make the corrections and file the form(s). Also see part H , earlier.
| Error Type 1 | Correction | ||
| Incorrect money amount(s), code, or checkbox | A. | Form 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, or W-2G | |
These errors require only one return to make the correction.
Recipient names.
Show the full name and address in the section provided on the information return. If payments have been made to more than one recipient or the account is in more than one name, show on the first name line the name of the recipient whose TIN is first shown on the return. You may show the names of any other individual recipients in the area below the first line, if desired. Form W-2G filers, see the Instructions for Forms W-2G and 5754.
You must show the individual's name on the first name line; on the second name line, you may enter the “doing business as (DBA)” name. You may not enter only the DBA name. For the TIN, enter either the individual's social security number (SSN) or the EIN of the business (sole proprietorship). The IRS prefers that you enter the SSN.
For a single-member LLC (including a foreign LLC with a U.S. owner) that is disregarded as an entity separate from its owner under Regulations section 301.7701-3, enter the owner's name only on the first name line and the LLC's name on the second name line. For the TIN, enter the owner's SSN (or EIN, if applicable). If the LLC is taxed as a corporation, partnership, etc., enter the entity's EIN.
If an individual (the debtor) for whom you are required to file an information return is in chapter 11 bankruptcy, and the debtor notified you of the bankruptcy estate's EIN, report post-petition gross income, gross proceeds, or other reportable payments on the applicable information return using the estate's name and EIN. The debtor should notify you when the bankruptcy is closed, dismissed, or converted, so that any subsequent information returns will be filed with the correct name and EIN. Different rules apply if the bankruptcy is converted to chapter 7, 12, or 13 of the Bankruptcy Code. For additional guidance, see Notice 2006-83, 2006-40 I.R.B. 596, available at IRS.gov/irb/2006-40_IRB#NOT-2006-83.
TINs.
TINs are used to associate and verify amounts you report to the IRS with corresponding amounts on tax returns. Therefore, it is important that you report correct names, SSNs, individual taxpayer identification numbers (ITINs), EINs, or adoption taxpayer identification numbers (ATINs) for recipients on the forms sent to the IRS.
Only one recipient TIN can be entered on the form.
If the recipient is a U.S. person (including a U.S. resident alien), the IRS suggests that you request the recipient complete Form W-9, Request for Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification, or Form W-9S, Request for Student's or Borrower's Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification, as appropriate. Form W-9 is required to be completed by recipients of certain types of payments (as provided in Regulations section 31.3406(d)-1). See the Instructions for the Requester of Form W-9 for more information on how to request a TIN.
If the recipient is a foreign person, the IRS suggests that you request the recipient complete the appropriate Form W-8. See the Instructions for the Requester of Forms W-8BEN, W-8ECI, W-8EXP, and W-8IMY.
U.S. resident aliens who rely on a “saving clause” of a tax treaty are to complete Form W-9, not Form W-8BEN. See Pub. 515 and Pub. 519.
You may be subject to a penalty for an incorrect or missing TIN on an information return. See part O for more information. You are required to maintain the confidentiality of information obtained on a Form W-9/W-9S relating to the taxpayer's identity (including SSNs, EINs, ITINs, and ATINs), and you may use such information only to comply with the tax laws.
If the recipient does not provide a TIN, leave the box for the recipient's TIN blank on the Form 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, or W-2G. Backup withholding may apply; see part N.
If the recipient does not provide a TIN, you may not make the election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(A) or (B) or report as described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(2)(iii)(A).
The TIN for individual recipients of information returns is the SSN, ITIN, or ATIN. See Sole proprietors , earlier. For other recipients, including corporations, partnerships, and estates, the TIN is the EIN. Income reportable after the death of an individual must reflect the TIN of the payee, that is, of the estate or of the surviving joint owner. For more information, see Personal Representative in Pub. 559. For LLCs, see Limited liability company (LLC) , earlier.
SSNs, ITINs, and ATINs have nine digits separated by two hyphens (000-00-0000), and EINs have nine digits separated by only one hyphen (00-0000000).
Make sure you include the hyphen(s) in the correct place(s) when completing the paper form(s).
Expired ITINs may continue to be used for information return purposes regardless of whether they have expired for individual income tax return filing purposes. Additionally, the third parties who file and furnish information returns with an expired payee ITIN will not be subject to information return penalties under section 6721 or 6722 solely because the ITIN is expired. See Notice 2016-48, 2016-33 I.R.B. 235, available at IRS.gov/irb/2016-33_IRB#NOT-2016-48.
Truncating payee’s TIN on payee statements.
Filers of information returns are permitted to truncate a payee's TIN (SSN, ITIN, ATIN, or EIN) on most payee statements. The payee's TIN may not be truncated on Form W2-G. Where permitted, filers may truncate a payee's TIN on the payee statement (including substitute and composite substitute statements) furnished to the payee in paper form or electronically. Generally, the payee statement is that copy of an information return designated "Copy B" on the form. A "payee" is any person who is required to receive a copy of the information set forth on an information return by the filer of the return. For some forms, the term "payee" will refer to beneficiary, borrower, debtor, insured, participant, payer, policyholder, recipient, shareholder, student, or transferor. If a filer truncates a TIN on Copy B, other copies of the form furnished to the payee may also include a truncated number. A filer may not truncate a payee's TIN on any forms the filer files with the IRS. A filer's TIN may not be truncated on any form. To truncate where allowed, replace the first five digits of the nine-digit number with asterisks (*) or Xs (for example, an SSN xxx-xx-xxxx would appear on the paper payee statement as ***-**-xxxx or XXX-XX-xxxx). See T.D. 9675, 2014-31 I.R.B. 242, available at IRS.gov/irb/2014-31_IRB#TD-9675.
Electronic submission of Forms W-9.
Requesters may establish a system for payees and payees' agents to submit Forms W-9 electronically, including by fax. A requester is anyone required to file an information return. A payee is anyone required to provide a TIN to the requester.
A payee's agent can be an investment adviser (corporation, partnership, or individual) or an introducing broker. An investment adviser must be registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. The introducing broker is a broker-dealer that is regulated by the SEC and the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., and that is not a payer. Except for a broker who acts as a payee's agent for “readily tradable instruments,” the adviser or broker must show in writing to the payer that the payee authorized the adviser or broker to transmit the Form W-9 to the payer.
Generally, the electronic system must do the following.
For Forms W-9 that are not required to be signed, the electronic system need not provide for an electronic signature or a perjury statement.
Additional requirements may apply. See Announcement 98-27, available on page 30 of Internal Revenue Bulletin 1998-15 at IRS.gov/pub/irs-irbs/irb98-15.pdf, and Announcement 2001-91, available on page 221 of Internal Revenue Bulletin 2001-36 at IRS.gov/pub/irs-irbs/irb01-36.pdf.
Electronic submission of Forms W-9S.
See the Instructions for Forms 1098-E and 1098-T.
The TIN for filers of information returns, including sole proprietors and nominees/middlemen, is the EIN. However, sole proprietors and nominees/middlemen who are not otherwise required to have an EIN should use their SSNs. A sole proprietor is not required to have an EIN unless he or she has a Keogh plan or must file excise or employment tax returns (including to report backup withholding). See Pub. 583.
If you are an FFI making the election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(A) or (B), you are required to use an EIN and cannot, for purposes of filing a Form 1099, use your GIIN.
The filer's name and TIN are required to match the name and TIN used on the filer's other tax returns (such as Form 945 to report backup withholding). The name of the filer's paying agent or service bureau must not be used in place of the name of the filer.
For a single-member LLC (including a foreign LLC with a U.S. owner) that is disregarded as an entity separate from its owner under Regulations section 301.7701-3, enter the owner's name only on the first name line and the LLC's name on the second name line. For the TIN, enter the owner's SSN (or EIN, if applicable). If the LLC is taxed as a corporation, partnership, etc., enter the entity's EIN.
If you don’t have an EIN, you may apply for one online by visiting the IRS website at IRS.gov/EIN. You may also apply for an EIN by faxing or mailing Form SS-4 to the IRS. See the Instructions for Form SS-4 for more information.
Use the account number or policy number box on Forms 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, and 5498 for an account number designation. The account number is required if you have multiple accounts for a recipient for whom you are filing more than one information return of the same type. The account number is also required if you are an FFI making the election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(A) or (B) or are a U.S. payer reporting as described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(2)(iii)(A). Additionally, the IRS encourages you to include the recipient's account number on paper forms if your system of records uses the account number rather than the name or TIN for identification purposes. Also, the IRS will include the account number in future notices to you about backup withholding. See Pub. 1220 if you are e-filing.
The account number may be a checking account number, savings account number, brokerage account number, serial number, loan number, policy number, or any other number you assign to the payee that is unique and will distinguish the specific account. This number must not appear anywhere else on the form, and this box may not be used for any other item unless the separate instructions indicate otherwise. Using unique account numbers ensures that corrected information returns will be processed accurately.
If you are using window envelopes to mail statements to recipients and using reduced rate mail, be sure the account number does not appear in the window. The U.S. Postal Service may not accept these for reduced rate mail.
If you are required to file Forms 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, or W-2G, you must also furnish statements to recipients containing the information furnished to the IRS and, in some cases, additional information. Be sure that the statements you provide to recipients are clear and legible.
Substitute statements.
If you are not using the official IRS form to furnish statements to recipients, see Pub. 1179 for specific rules about providing “substitute” statements to recipients. Generally, a substitute is any statement other than Copy B of the official form. You may develop them yourself or buy them from a private printer. However, the substitutes must comply with the format and content requirements specified in Pub. 1179 that is available on IRS.gov.
Telephone number.
You are required to include the telephone number of a person to contact on the following statements to recipients: W-2G, 1097-BTC, 1098, 1098-C, 1098-E, 1098-F, 1098-MA, 1098-Q, 1098-T, 1099-A, 1099-B, 1099-C, 1099-CAP, 1099-DIV, 1099-G (excluding state and local income tax refunds), 1099-INT, 1099-K, 1099-LS, 1099-LTC, 1099-MISC (excluding fishing boat proceeds), 1099-NEC, 1099-OID, 1099-PATR, 1099-Q, 1099-QA, 1099-R, 1099-S, 1099-SA, and 1099-SB. You may include the telephone number in any conspicuous place on the statements. This number must provide direct access to an individual who can answer questions about the statement. Although not required, if you report on other Forms 1099 and 5498, or on Forms 3921 and 3922, you are encouraged to furnish telephone numbers.
Rules for furnishing statements.
Different rules apply to furnishing statements to recipients depending on the type of payment (or other information) you are reporting and the form you are filing.
If you are reporting a payment that includes noncash property, show the FMV of the property at the time of payment.
Report the type of payment information as described next for (a) Dividend, interest, and royalty payments; (b) Real estate transactions; and (c) Other information.
Dividend, interest, and royalty payments.
For payments of dividends under section 6042 (reported on Form 1099-DIV), patronage dividends under section 6044 (reported on Form 1099-PATR), interest (including OID and tax-exempt interest) under section 6049 (reported on Form 1099-INT or 1099-OID), or royalties under section 6050N (reported on Form 1099-MISC or 1099-S), you are required to furnish an official IRS Form 1099 or an acceptable substitute Form 1099 to a recipient either in person, by First-Class Mail to the recipient's last known address, or electronically (see Electronic recipient statements , later). Statements may be sent by intraoffice mail if you use intraoffice mail to send account information and other correspondence to the recipient.
The following statement mailing requirements apply only to Forms 1099-DIV (except for section 404(k) dividends), 1099-INT (except for interest reportable in the course of your trade or business under section 6041), 1099-OID, 1099-PATR, and timber royalties reported under section 6050N (on Form 1099-MISC or 1099-S). The mailing must contain the official IRS Form 1099 or an acceptable substitute and may also contain the following enclosures: (a) Form W-2, applicable Form W-8, Form W-9, or other Forms W-2G, 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, and 5498 statements; (b) a check from the account being reported; (c) a letter explaining why no check is enclosed; (d) a statement of the person's account shown on Forms 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, or 5498; and (e) a letter explaining the tax consequences of the information shown on the recipient statement.
A statement of the person's account (year-end account summary) that you are permitted to enclose in a statement mailing may include information similar to the following: (a) the part of a mutual fund distribution that is interest on U.S. Treasury obligations, (b) accrued interest expense on the purchase of a debt obligation, and (c) the cost or other basis of securities and the gain/loss on the sale of securities.
No additional enclosures, such as advertising, promotional material, or a quarterly or annual report, are permitted. Even a sentence or two on the year-end statement describing new services offered by the payer is not permitted. Logos are permitted on the envelope and on any nontax enclosures. See section 1.3.2 of Pub. 1179.
A recipient statement may be perforated to a check or to a statement of the recipient's specific account. The check or account statement to which the recipient statement is perforated must contain, in bold and conspicuous type, the legend “Important Tax Return Document Attached.”
The legend “Important Tax Return Document Enclosed” must appear in a bold and conspicuous manner on the outside of the envelope and on each letter explaining why no check is enclosed, or on each check or account statement that is not perforated to the recipient statement. The legend is not required on any tax form, tax statement, or permitted letter of tax consequences included in a statement mailing. Further, you need not pluralize the word “document” in the legend simply because more than one recipient statement is enclosed.
If you provide Forms 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, or W-2G recipient statements in a “separate mailing” that contains only these statements, Forms W-8 and W-9, and a letter explaining the tax consequences of the information shown on a recipient statement included in the envelope, you are not required to include the legend “Important Tax Return Document Enclosed” on the envelope.
You may furnish to the recipient Copy B of the official IRS form, or you may use substitute Forms 1099-DIV, 1099-INT, 1099-OID, or 1099-PATR if they contain the same language as the official IRS forms and they comply with the rules in Pub. 1179 relating to substitute Forms 1099. Applicable box titles and numbers must be clearly identified, using the same wording and numbering as the official IRS form. For information on substitute Forms 1099-MISC and 1099-NEC, see Other information , later. For Form 1099-S, see Real estate transactions , later.
All substitute statements to recipients must contain the tax year, form number, and form name prominently displayed together in one area of the statement. For example, they could be shown in the upper right part of the statement.
If you are using substitutes, the IRS encourages you to use boxes so that the substitute has the appearance of a form. The substitute form must contain the same applicable instructions as on the front and back of Copy B (in the case of Form 1099-R, Copies B, C, and 2) of the official IRS form. See Pub. 1179 for additional requirements and certain “composite” statements that are permitted.
Real estate transactions.
You must furnish a statement to the transferor containing the same information reported to the IRS on Form 1099-S. You may use Copy B of the official IRS Form 1099-S or a substitute form that complies with Pub. 1179 and Regulations section 1.6045-4(m). You may use a Settlement Statement (under the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA)) as the written statement if it is conformed by including on the statement the legend shown on Form 1099-S and by designating which information is reported to the IRS on Form 1099-S. You may furnish the statement to the transferor in person, by mail, or electronically. Furnish the statement at or after closing but by February 15 of the following year.
The statement mailing requirements explained earlier do not apply to statements to transferors for proceeds from real estate transactions reported on Form 1099-S. However, the statement mailing requirements do apply to statements to transferors for timber royalties reportable under section 6050N on Form 1099-S.
Other information.
Statements to recipients for Forms 1097-BTC, 1098, 1098-C, 1098-E, 1098-F, 1098-Q, 1098-T, 1099-A, 1099-B, 1099-C, 1099-CAP, 1099-G, 1099-K, 1099-LS, 1099-LTC, 1099-MISC, 1099-NEC, 1099-Q, 1099-QA, 1099-R, 1099-SA, 1099-SB, 3921, 3922, 5498, 5498-ESA, 5498-QA, 5498-SA, W-2G, 1099-DIV (only for section 404(k) dividends reportable under section 6047), 1099-INT (only for interest reportable in the course of your trade or business under section 6041), or 1099-S (only for royalties) need not be, but can be, a copy of the official paper form filed with the IRS. If you do not use a copy of the paper form, the form number and title of your substitute must be the same as the official IRS form. All information required to be reported must be numbered and titled on your substitute in substantially the same manner as on the official IRS form. However, if you are reporting a payment as “Other income” in box 3 of Form 1099-MISC, you may substitute appropriate explanatory language for the box title. For example, for payments of accrued wages to a beneficiary of a deceased employee required to be reported on Form 1099-MISC, you might change the title of box 3 to “Beneficiary payments” or something similar.
Appropriate instructions to the recipient, similar to those on the official IRS form, must be provided to aid in the proper reporting of the items on the recipient's income tax return. For payments reported on Form 1099-B, rather than furnish appropriate instructions with each Form 1099-B statement, you may furnish to the recipient one set of instructions for all statements required to be furnished to a recipient in a calendar year.
Except for royalties reported on Form 1099-MISC or 1099-S, the statement mailing requirements explained earlier do not apply to statements to recipients for information reported on the forms listed under Other information , earlier. You may combine the statements with other reports or financial or commercial notices, or expand them to include other information of interest to the recipient. Be sure that all copies of the forms are legible. See Pub. 1179 for certain “composite” statements that are permitted.
When to furnish forms or statements.
Generally, you must furnish Forms 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, and W-2G information by January 31, 2025. Forms 1099-B, 1099-S, and 1099-MISC (if you are reporting payments in only box 8 or 10) must be furnished by February 17, 2025. Also, this applies to statements furnished as part of a consolidated reporting statement. See T.D. 9504, 2010-47 I.R.B. 670, available at IRS.gov/irb/2010-47_IRB#TD-9504. However, you may issue them earlier in some situations, as provided by the regulations. For example, you may furnish Form 1099-INT to the recipient redeeming U.S. Savings Bonds at the time of redemption. Brokers and barter exchanges may furnish Form 1099-B anytime but not later than February 17, 2025.
Form 1099-SB must generally be furnished by February 17, 2025. However, if notice of a transfer to a foreign person is not received until after January 31, 2025, the due date is 30 days after the date notice is received. See Regulations section 1.6050Y-3(d)(2). Form 1099-LS must be furnished to reportable policy sale payment recipients by February 17, 2025. See Regulations section 1.6050Y-2(d)(1)(ii). Form 1099-LS must be furnished to issuers by January 15, 2025, at the latest, but must be furnished by the later of 20 calendar days after the reportable policy sale or 5 calendar days after the end of the applicable state law rescission period if the later date occurs before January 15, 2025. See Regulations section 1.6050Y-2(d)(2)(ii).
Furnish Form 1097-BTC to the recipient for each month in which a tax credit amount is allowable to the recipient on or before the 15th day of the 2nd calendar month after the close of the calendar month in which the credit is allowed. For more information, see the Instructions for Form 1097-BTC.
Donee organizations required to issue Form 1098-C must furnish the acknowledgment to a donor within 30 days of the sale of the vehicle (if it is sold without material improvements or significant intervening use) or within 30 days of the contribution.
Trustees or issuers of IRAs must furnish Form 5498 to participants with a statement of the value of the participant's account, and required minimum distribution (RMD) and information on hard to value assets, if applicable, by January 31, 2025.
Trustees of a SIMPLE IRA must furnish a statement of the account activity by January 31, 2025. Contribution information for all other types of IRAs must be furnished to the participant by June 2, 2025.
Trustees and middlemen of a WHFIT must furnish the required statement by March 17, 2025.
For real estate transactions, you may furnish Form 1099-S to the transferor at closing or by mail on or before February 17, 2025.
Filers of Forms 5498 or 5498-SA who furnish a statement of FMV of the account (and any other required information) to the participant by January 31, 2025, with no reportable contributions, including rollovers, made in 2024, need not furnish another statement by June 2, 2025, to the participant to report zero contributions. If another statement is not furnished to the participant, the statement of the FMV of the account must contain a legend designating which information is being filed with the IRS.
Form 5498-ESA must be furnished to the beneficiary by April 30, 2025.
Form 5498-QA must be furnished to the beneficiary by March 17, 2025.
See the Guide to Information Returns , later, for the date other information returns are due to the recipient.
If the statement is properly addressed and mailed, or, with respect to electronic recipient statements, posted to a website, on or before the due date, it will be deemed timely furnished. If the regular due date falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday in the District of Columbia or where the return is to be filed, furnish by the next business day. A business day is any day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday in the District of Columbia or where the return is to be filed. See section 11 of Pub. 15 for a list of legal holidays.
Electronic recipient statements.
If you are required to furnish a written statement (Copy B or an acceptable substitute) to a recipient, then you may generally furnish the statement electronically instead of on paper, but only if you meet the requirements discussed later in this section. This includes furnishing the statement to recipients of Forms 1097-BTC, 1098, 1098-E, 1098-F, 1098-Q, 1098-T, 1099-A, 1099-B, 1099-C, 1099-CAP, 1099-DIV, 1099-G, 1099-H, 1099-INT, 1099-K, 1099-LS, 1099-LTC, 1099-MISC, 1099-NEC, 1099-OID, 1099-PATR, 1099-Q, 1099-QA, 1099-R, 1099-S, 1099-SA, 1099-SB, 3921, 3922, 5498, 5498-ESA, 5498-QA, and 5498-SA. It also includes Form W-2G (except for horse and dog racing, jai alai, sweepstakes, wagering pools, and lotteries).
Until further guidance is issued to the contrary, Form 1098-C may not be furnished electronically.
If you meet the requirements that follow, you are treated as furnishing the statement.
The recipient must consent in the affirmative and not have withdrawn the consent before the statement is furnished. The consent by the recipient must be made electronically in a way that shows that she or he can access the statement in the electronic format in which it will be furnished.
You must notify the recipient of any hardware or software changes prior to furnishing the statement. A new consent to receive the statement electronically is required after the new hardware or software is put into service.
Prior to furnishing the statements electronically, you must provide the recipient a statement with the following statements prominently displayed.
Additionally, you must do the following.
For information regarding the electronic furnishing of Forms W-2, which the IRS generally applies to the forms addressed by these instructions, see Regulations section 31.6051-1.
For additional specific instructions on the electronic furnishing of:
Extension of time to furnish statements to recipients.
Do not submit an extension request by mail.
You may request an extension of time to furnish the statements to recipients by faxing a letter to:
Internal Revenue Service Technical Services Operation
Attn: Extension of Time Coordinator
Fax: 877-477-0572 (International Fax: 304-579-4105)
The letter must include (a) payer name, (b) payer TIN, (c) payer address, (d) type of return (Form 1042-S, Form W-2, specific 1099 family form), (e) a statement that your extension request is for providing statements to recipients, (f) reason for delay, and (g) the signature of the payer or authorized agent.
Your request must be received no later than the date on which the statements are due to the recipients. If your request for an extension is approved, generally you will be granted a maximum of 30 extra days to furnish the recipient statements.
Interest (including tax-exempt interest and exempt-interest dividends), dividends, rents, royalties, commissions, nonemployee compensation, and certain other payments (including broker and barter exchange transactions, compensation paid to an H-2A visa holder who did not furnish a TIN, reportable gross proceeds paid to attorneys, gambling winnings, payment card and third party network transactions, and certain payments made by fishing boat operators) may be subject to backup withholding at a 24% rate. To be subject to backup withholding, a payment must be a reportable interest (including tax-exempt interest and exempt-interest dividends) or dividend payment under section 6049(a), 6042(a), or 6044 (if the patronage dividend is paid in money or qualified check), or an “other” reportable payment under section 6041, 6041A(a), 6045, 6050A, 6050N, or 6050W. If the payment is one of these reportable payments, backup withholding will apply if:
If you do not collect and pay over backup withholding from affected payees as required, you may become liable for any uncollected amount.
Some payees are exempt from backup withholding. For a list of exempt payees and other information, see Form W-9 and the separate Instructions for the Requester of Form W-9.
Examples of payments to which backup withholding does not apply include but are not limited to the following.
When to apply backup withholding.
Generally, the period for which the 24% should be withheld is as follows.
Withhold on payments made until the TIN is furnished in the manner required. Special backup withholding rules may apply if the payee has applied for a TIN. The payee may certify to this on Form W-9 by noting “Applied For” in the TIN block and by signing the form. This form then becomes an “awaiting-TIN” certificate, and the payee has 60 days to obtain a TIN and furnish it to you. If you do not receive a TIN from the payee within 60 days and you have not already begun backup withholding, begin backup withholding and continue until the TIN is provided.
The 60-day exemption from backup withholding applies only to interest and dividend payments and certain payments made with respect to readily tradable instruments. Therefore, any other payment, such as nonemployee compensation, is subject to backup withholding even if the payee has applied for and is awaiting a TIN. For information about whether backup withholding applies during the 60-day period, see Regulations section 31.3406(g)-3.
You may choose to withhold on any reportable payment made to the account(s) subject to backup withholding after receipt of an incorrect TIN notice from the IRS, but you must withhold on any reportable payment made to the account more than 30 business days after you received the notice. Stop withholding within 30 days after you receive a certified Form W-9 (or other form that requires the payee to certify the payee’s TIN).
The IRS will furnish a notice to you that informs you that you have filed an information return reporting on an incorrect name/TIN combination. You are then required to promptly furnish a “B” notice, or an acceptable substitute, to the payee. For further information, see Regulations section 31.3406(d)-5 and Pub. 1281, Backup Withholding for Missing and Incorrect Name/TIN(s).
If you receive two incorrect TIN notices within 3 years for the same account, follow the procedures in Regulations section 31.3406(d)-5(g) and Pub. 1281.
You may choose to withhold on any reportable payment made to the account(s) subject to backup withholding after receipt of the notice, but you must withhold on any reportable payment made to the account more than 30 business days after you receive the notice. The IRS will notify you in writing when to stop withholding, or the payee may furnish you a written certification from the IRS stating when the withholding should stop. In most cases, the stop date will be January 1 of the year following the year of the stop notice.
You must notify the payee when withholding under this procedure starts. For further information, see Regulations section 31.3406(c)-1(d).
Withhold on reportable interest and dividends until the certification has been received.
For exceptions to these general timing rules, see section 3406(e).
For special rules on backup withholding on gambling winnings, see the separate Instructions for Forms W-2G and 5754.
Reporting backup withholding.
Report backup withholding on Form 945, Annual Return of Withheld Federal Income Tax. Also, report backup withholding and the amount of the payment on Forms W-2G, 1099-B, 1099-DIV, 1099-G, 1099-INT, 1099-K, 1099-MISC, 1099-NEC, 1099-OID, or 1099-PATR even if the amount of the payment is less than the amount for which an information return is normally required.
The EIN of the filer of the forms listed above must be the EIN of the filer of Form 945.
Report backup withholding, voluntary withholding on certain government payments, and withholding from gambling winnings, pensions, annuities, IRAs, military retirement, and Indian gaming profits on Form 945. Generally, file Form 945 for 2024 by January 31, 2025. For more information, including the deposit requirements for Form 945, see the separate Instructions for Form 945, and Pub. 15.
Do not report on Form 945 any income tax withholding reported on the following forms.
Additional information.
For more information about backup withholding, see Pub. 1281.
The following penalties generally apply to the person required to file information returns. The penalties apply to paper filers as well as to electronic filers.
For information on the penalty for failure to e-file, see Penalty, earlier, in part F.
If you fail to file a correct information return by the due date and you cannot show reasonable cause, you may be subject to a penalty. The penalty applies:
The penalty also applies:
The amount of the penalty is based on when you file the correct information return. The penalty is as follows.
If you do not file corrections and you do not meet any of the exceptions to the penalty described later, the penalty is $330 per information return.
Small businesses—lower maximum penalties.
You are a small business if your average annual gross receipts for the 3 most recent tax years (or for the period you were in existence, if shorter) ending before the calendar year in which the information returns were due are $5 million or less.
Exceptions to the penalty.
The following are exceptions to the failure-to-file penalty.
If you meet all the conditions in (a), (b), and (c) above, the penalty for filing incorrect returns will not apply to the greater of 10 information returns or ½ of 1% (0.005) of the total number of information returns you are required to file for the calendar year.
Intentional disregard of filing requirements.
If any failure to file a correct information return is due to intentional disregard of the filing or correct information requirements, the penalty is at least $660 per information return with no maximum penalty.
If you fail to provide correct payee statements and you cannot show reasonable cause, you may be subject to a penalty. The penalty applies if you fail to provide the statement by the due date (January 31 for most returns; see the Guide to Information Returns , later), you fail to include all information required to be shown on the statement, or you include incorrect information on the statement. “Payee statement” has the same meaning as “statement to recipient” as used in part M .
The amount of the penalty is based on when you furnish the correct payee statement. It is a separate penalty, and is applied in the same manner as the penalty for failure to file correct information returns by the due date (section 6721), described earlier.
Exception.
An inconsequential error or omission is not considered a failure to include correct information. An inconsequential error or omission cannot reasonably be expected to prevent or hinder the payee from timely receiving correct information and reporting it on his or her income tax return or from otherwise putting the statement to its intended use. Errors and omissions that are never inconsequential are those relating to (a) a dollar amount, except as provided, later, with respect to the safe harbor for de minimis dollar amount errors; (b) a significant item in a payee's address; (c) the appropriate form for the information provided (that is, whether the form is an acceptable substitute for the official IRS form); and (d) whether the statement was furnished in person or by “statement mailing,” when required.
Intentional disregard of payee statement requirements.
If any failure to provide a correct payee statement is due to intentional disregard of the requirements to furnish a correct payee statement, the penalty is at least $660 per payee statement with no maximum penalty.
No penalty will be imposed on an educational institution that fails to provide the TIN of a student on Form 1098-T if the institution certifies under penalty of perjury that it complied with the rules for obtaining the student’s TIN. See the current Instructions for Forms 1098-E and 1098-T for additional information.
If one or more dollar amounts are incorrect on an information return filed with the IRS or on a payee statement furnished to a recipient, no correction of the dollar amount shall be required, and the return shall be treated as having been filed or the payee statement furnished as correct if:
This safe harbor provision shall not apply if a recipient to whom a statement is required to be furnished elects to receive a corrected statement. In that case, a corrected return must be filed with the IRS and a corrected payee statement furnished to the recipient.
For more information on safe harbor for de minimis dollar amount errors on information returns and payee statements, see sections 6721(c)(3) and 6722(c)(3), as modified by T.D. 9984.
The penalties under sections 6721 and 6722 do not apply to:
| Forms | Filed Under Code Section |
|---|---|
| Forms 1099-B ( QOF reporting only ) | 1400Z-2 |
| 1099-SA and 5498-SA | 220(h) and 223(h) |
| 5498 | 408(i) and 408(l) |
| 1099-Q | 529(d) and 530(h) |
| 1099-QA and 5498-QA | 529A |
| 5498-ESA | 530(h) |
The penalty for failure to timely file Forms 1099-SA, 5498-SA, 5498, 1099-Q, 1099-QA, 5498-QA, or 5498-ESA is $50 per return with no maximum, unless the failure is due to reasonable cause. See section 6693.
If you are required under section 170(f)(12)(A) to furnish a contemporaneous written acknowledgment to a donor and you knowingly furnish a false or fraudulent Form 1098-C, or knowingly fail to furnish a Form 1098-C within the applicable 30-day period, you may be subject to a penalty. See the current Instructions for Form 1098-C for more detailed information.
If you willfully file a fraudulent information return for payments you claim you made to another person, that person may be able to sue you for damages. You may have to pay $5,000 or more.
Generally, payments to corporations are not reportable. See, for example, Regulations section 1.6049-4(c)(1)(ii). However, you must report payments to corporations for the following.
Reporting is generally required for all payments to partnerships. For example, payments of $600 or more made in the course of your trade or business to an architectural firm that is a partnership are reportable on Form 1099-MISC.
Generally, income earned in any IRA, Coverdell ESA, ABLE account, Archer MSA, or HSA, such as interest or dividends, is not reported on Forms 1099. However, distributions from such arrangements or accounts must be reported on Form 1099-R, 1099-Q, 1099-QA, or 1099-SA.
Certain grantor trusts (other than WHFITs) may choose to file Forms 1099 rather than a separate statement attached to Form 1041, U.S. Income Tax Return for Estates and Trusts. If you have filed Form 1041 for a grantor trust in the past and you want to choose the Form 1099 filing method for 2024, you must have filed a final Form 1041 for 2023. To change reporting method, see Regulations section 1.671-4(g) and the Instructions for Form 1041 and Schedules A, B, G, J, and K-1.
For more information on WHFITs, see Widely held fixed investment trusts (WHFITs) , earlier.
If you are the payer and have received a Form W-8IMY from a foreign intermediary or flow-through entity, follow the instructions for completing Form 1099, later.
Foreign intermediary (FI).
An FI is any person who is not a U.S. person and acts as a custodian, broker, nominee, or otherwise as an agent for another person, regardless of whether that other person is the beneficial owner of the amount paid, a flow-through entity, or another intermediary. The intermediary can be a qualified intermediary or a nonqualified intermediary.
A QI is a person that is a party to a withholding agreement with the IRS (described in Regulations section 1.1441-1(e)(5)(iii)) and is:
For details on QI agreements, see Rev. Proc. 2017-15, 2017-03 I.R.B. 437, available at IRS.gov/irb/2017-03_IRB#RP-2017-15.
An NQI is any intermediary that is not a U.S. person and that is not a QI.
Foreign flow-through entity (FTE).
An FTE is a foreign partnership (other than a withholding foreign partnership), a foreign simple trust or foreign grantor trust (other than a withholding foreign trust), or, for payments for which a reduced rate of withholding is claimed under an income tax treaty, any entity to the extent the entity is considered to be fiscally transparent under section 894 with respect to the payment by an interest holder's jurisdiction.
A withholding foreign partnership or withholding foreign trust is a foreign partnership or a foreign simple or grantor trust that has entered into a withholding agreement with the IRS in which it agrees to assume primary withholding responsibility for all payments that are made to it for its partners, beneficiaries, or owners. See Rev. Proc. 2017-21, 2017-6 I.R.B. 791, available at IRS.gov/irb/2017-06_IRB#RP-2017-21, for procedures for entering into a withholding foreign partnership or trust agreement.
A nonwithholding foreign partnership is any foreign partnership other than a withholding foreign partnership. A nonwithholding foreign simple trust is any foreign simple trust that is not a withholding foreign trust. A nonwithholding foreign grantor trust is any foreign grantor trust that is not a withholding foreign trust.
An entity is treated as fiscally transparent with respect to an item of income to the extent that the interest holders in the entity must, on a current basis, take into account separately their shares of an item of income paid to the entity, whether or not distributed, and must determine the character of the items of income as if they were realized directly from the sources from which they were realized by the entity. For example, partnerships, common trust funds, and simple trusts or grantor trusts are generally considered to be fiscally transparent with respect to items of income received by them.
For additional information including details on the presumption rules, see the Instructions for the Requester of Forms W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E, W-8ECI, W-8EXP, and W-8IMY; and Pub. 515. To order, see How To Get Forms, Publications, and Other Assistance under part T.
If you are the payer and do not have a Form W-9, appropriate Form W-8, or other valid documentation, or you cannot allocate a payment to a specific payee, prior to payment, you are required to use certain presumption rules to determine the following.
See Regulations sections 1.1441-1(b)(3), 1.1441-5(d) and (e), 1.6045-1(g)(3)(ii), and 1.6049-5(d).
Under these presumption rules, if you must presume that the payee is a U.S. nonexempt recipient subject to backup withholding, you must report the payment on a Form 1099. However, if before filing Form 1099 with the IRS the recipient is documented as foreign, then report the payment on a Form 1042-S.
Conversely, if you must presume that the payee is a foreign recipient and prior to filing Form 1042-S with the IRS you discover that the payee is a U.S. nonexempt recipient based on documentation, then report all payments made to that payee during the calendar year on a Form 1099.
If you use the 90-day grace period rule to presume a payee is foreign, you must file a Form 1042-S to report all payments subject to withholding during the grace period. If, after the grace period expires, you discover that the payee is a U.S. nonexempt recipient subject to backup withholding, you must file a Form 1099 for all payments made to that payee after the expiration of the grace period.
If you are the payer making a payment through a QI, NQI, or FTE for a U.S. nonexempt recipient on whose behalf the QI, NQI, or FTE is acting, use the following rules to complete Form 1099.
Known recipient.
If you know that a payee is a U.S. nonexempt recipient and have the payee's name, address, and TIN (if a TIN has been provided), you must complete the Form 1099 with that information unless you are not required to report the payment under Regulations section 1.6049-4(c)(4) (applicable only to certain payments to specified FFIs). Also, on the second name line below the recipient's name, enter “IMY” followed by the name of the QI, NQI, or FTE.
For payments made to multiple recipients (a) enter the name of the recipient whose status you relied on to determine the applicable rate of withholding; and (b) on the second name line, enter “IMY” followed by the name of the QI, NQI, or FTE. However, if the QI has assumed primary Form 1099 reporting or backup withholding responsibility, you are not required to issue the Form 1099 or to backup withhold. See Qualified intermediary (QI) , earlier.
Unknown recipient.
If you cannot reliably associate a payment with valid documentation and are required to presume a payee is a U.S. nonexempt recipient, do the following.
A payer that is required to report payments made to a U.S. nonexempt recipient account holder but does not receive the necessary allocation information cannot report those payments on a pro rata basis. Report unallocated payments using the presumption rules described above.
Non-U.S. payers (foreign persons that are not U.S. payers) generally have the same reporting obligations as U.S. payers. A U.S. payer is anyone who is:
For more information, see Regulations section 1.6049-5(c)(5).
Exceptions.
The following payments are not subject to reporting by a non-U.S. payer.
If an NQI or QI receives a Form 1042-S made out to an “unknown recipient” and the NQI or QI has actual knowledge that the payee of the income is a U.S. nonexempt recipient, it must file a Form 1099 even if the payment has been subject to withholding by another payer. The NQI or QI reports the amount withheld by the other payer on Form 1099 as federal income tax withheld.
For answers to your questions about reporting on Forms 1096, 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, W-2, W-2G, and W-3, call the Technical Services Operation (TSO) toll free at 866-455-7438 or 304-263-8700 (not toll free). Deaf or hard of hearing customers may call any of our toll-free numbers using their choice of relay service.
Other tax-related matters.
For other tax information related to business returns or accounts, call 800-829-4933.
Deaf or hard of hearing customers may call any of our toll-free numbers using their choice of relay service.
The IRB, published weekly, contains newly issued regulations, notices, announcements, legislation, court decisions, and other items of general interest. You may find this publication useful to keep you up to date with current developments. See How To Get Forms, Publications, and Other Assistance , later.
TAS is an independent organization within the IRS that helps taxpayers and protects taxpayer rights. Their job is to ensure that every taxpayer is treated fairly and that you know and understand your rights under the Taxpayer Bill of Rights.
The Taxpayer Bill of Rights describes 10 basic rights that all taxpayers have when dealing with the IRS. Go to TaxpayerAdvocate.IRS.gov to help you understand what these rights mean to you and how they apply. These are your rights. Know them. Use them.
TAS can help you resolve problems that you can't resolve with the IRS. And their service is free. If you qualify for their assistance, you will be assigned to one advocate who will work with you throughout the process and will do everything possible to resolve your issue. TAS can help you if:
TAS has offices in every state, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Your local advocate's number is in your local directory and at TaxpayerAdvocate.IRS.gov/Contact-Us. You can also call them at 877-777-4778.
TAS works to resolve large-scale problems that affect many taxpayers. If you know of one of these broad issues, report it to them at IRS.gov/SAMS. Be sure to not include any personal taxpayer information.
TAS can provide a variety of information for tax professionals, including tax law updates and guidance, TAS programs, and ways to let TAS know about systemic problems you've seen in your practice.
Getting tax forms, instructions, and publications.
Go to IRS.gov/Forms to download current and prior-year forms, instructions, and publications.
Go to IRS.gov/OrderForms to order current forms, instructions, and publications; call 800-829-3676 to order prior-year forms and instructions. The IRS will process your order for forms and publications as soon as possible. Don’t resubmit requests you’ve already sent us. You can get some forms and publications faster online.
Because the IRS processes paper forms by machine (optical character recognition equipment), you cannot file Form 1096 or Copy A of Forms 1097, 1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, or 5498 that you print from the IRS website. However, you can use Copy B from those sources to provide recipient statements.
Exception. Forms 1097-BTC, 1098-C, 1098-MA, 1099-CAP, 1099-H, 1099-LTC, 1099-Q, 1099-QA, 1099-SA, 3922, 5498-ESA, 5498-QA, and 5498-SA can be filled out online and Copy A can be printed and filed with the IRS using Form 1096.
Mail. You can send your order for forms, instructions, and publications to the address below. You should receive a response within 10 business days after your request is received.
Internal Revenue Service
1201 N. Mitsubishi Motorway
Bloomington, IL 61705-6613
Online. Go to IRS.gov 24 hours a day, 7 days a week to do the following.
We welcome your comments about this publication and your suggestions for future editions.
You can send your comments through IRS.gov/FormComments.
Or you can write to the Internal Revenue Service, Tax Forms and Publications, 1111 Constitution Ave. NW, IR-6526, Washington, DC 20224.
Although we can’t respond individually to each comment received, we do appreciate your feedback and will consider your comments and suggestions as we revise our tax forms, instructions, and publications. Don’t send tax questions, tax returns, or payments to the above address.
We ask for the information on these forms to carry out the Internal Revenue laws of the United States. You are required to give us the information. We need it to figure and collect the right amount of tax.
Sections 170(f)(12), 199, 220(h), 223, 408, 408A, 529, 529A, 530, 853A, 6039, 6041, 6041A, 6042, 6043, 6044, 6045, 6047, 6049, 6050A, 6050B, 6050D, 6050E, 6050H, 6050J, 6050N, 6050P, 6050Q, 6050R, 6050S, 6050T, 6050U, 6050W, 6050X, 6050Y, and their regulations require you to file an information return with the IRS and furnish a statement to recipients. Section 6109 and its regulations require you to provide your TIN on what you file.
Routine uses of this information include giving it to the Department of Justice for civil and criminal litigation, and to cities, states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. commonwealths and territories for use in administering their tax laws. We may also disclose this information to other countries under a tax treaty, to federal and state agencies to enforce federal nontax criminal laws, or to federal law enforcement and intelligence agencies to combat terrorism. If you fail to provide this information in a timely manner, or provide false or fraudulent information, you may be subject to penalties.
You are not required to provide the information requested on a form that is subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act unless the form displays a valid OMB control number. Books or records relating to a form or its instructions must be retained as long as their contents may become material in the administration of any Internal Revenue law. Generally, tax returns and return information are confidential, as required by section 6103. The time needed to complete and file the following forms will vary depending on individual circumstances. The estimated average times are:
| 1096 | 14 minutes |
| 1097-BTC* | 19 minutes |
| 1098 | 15 minutes |
| 1098-C* | 18 minutes |
| 1098-E | 7 minutes |
| 1098-F | 7 minutes |
| 1098-MA | 14 minutes |
| 1098-Q | 8 minutes |
| 1098-T | 13 minutes |
| 1099-A | 9 minutes |
| 1099-B | 30 minutes |
| 1099-C | 13 minutes |
| 1099-CAP* | 11 minutes |
| 1099-DIV | 28 minutes |
| 1099-G | 18 minutes |
| 1099-H | 18 minutes |
| 1099-INT | 13 minutes |
| 1099-K | 28 minutes |
| 1099-LS | 7 minutes |
| 1099-LTC | 13 minutes |
| 1099-MISC | 18 minutes |
| 1099-NEC | 14 minutes |
| 1099-OID | 23 minutes |
| 1099-PATR | 15 minutes |
| 1099-Q | 13 minutes |
| 1099-QA | 10 minutes |
| 1099-R | 25 minutes |
| 1099-S | 8 minutes |
| 1099-SA | 11 minutes |
| 1099-SB | 7 minutes |
| 3921* | 11 minutes |
| 3922* | 12 minutes |
| 5498 | 24 minutes |
| 5498-ESA | 7 minutes |
| 5498-QA | 11 minutes |
| 5498-SA | 10 minutes |
| W-2G | 24 minutes |
| * Privacy Act does not pertain to this form. | |
Burden estimates are based upon current statutory requirements as of October 2023. Estimates of burden do not reflect any future legislative changes that may affect the 2024 tax year. Any changes to burden estimates will be included in the IRS’s annual Paperwork Reduction Act submission to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and will be made publicly available on RegInfo.gov. If you have comments concerning the accuracy of these time estimates, we would be happy to hear from you. You can send your comments from IRS.gov/FormComments. Or you can write to the Internal Revenue Service, Tax Forms and Publications, 1111 Constitution Ave. NW, IR-6526, Washington, DC 20224. Do not send these forms to this address. Instead, see part D .
Guide to Information Returns
If any date shown falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday in the District of Columbia or where the return is to be filed, the due date is the next business day. Leap years do not impact the due date. See Announcement 91-179, 1991-49 I.R.B. 78, for more information.
| Due Date | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Form | Title | What To Report | Amounts To Report | To IRS | To Recipient (unless indicated otherwise) |
| 1042-S | Foreign Person's U.S. Source Income Subject to Withholding | Income such as interest, dividends, royalties, pensions and annuities, etc., and amounts withheld under chapter 3. Also, distributions of effectively connected income by publicly traded partnerships or nominees. | See form instructions | March 15 | March 15 |
| 1097-BTC | Bond Tax Credit | Tax credit bond credits to bondholders. | All amounts | February 28* | On or before the 15th day of the 2nd calendar month after the close of the calendar month in which the credit is allowed |
| 1098 | Mortgage Interest Statement | Mortgage interest (including points) and certain mortgage insurance premiums you received in the course of your trade or business from individuals and reimbursements of overpaid interest. | $600 or more | February 28* | (To Payer/Borrower) January 31 |
| 1098-C | Contributions of Motor Vehicles, Boats, and Airplanes | Information regarding a donated motor vehicle, boat, or airplane. | Gross proceeds of more than $500 | February 28* | (To Donor) 30 days from date of sale or contribution |
| 1098-E | Student Loan Interest Statement | Student loan interest received in the course of your trade or business. | $600 or more | February 28* | January 31 |
| 1098-F | Fines, Penalties, and Other Amounts | Statement furnished by a government or governmental entity regarding payments required by a court order or agreement with respect to a violation or potential violation of law. | $50,000 or more | N/A | N/A |
| 1098-MA | Mortgage Assistance Payments | Assistance payments paid to homeowners from funds allocated from the Housing Finance Agency Innovation Fund for the Hardest Hit Housing Markets (HFA Hardest Hit Fund) or the Emergency Homeowners' Loan Program. | All amounts | February 28 | January 31 |
| 1098-Q | Qualifying Longevity Annuity Contract Information | Status of a contract that is intended to be a qualifying longevity annuity contract (QLAC), defined in section A-17 of Regulations section 1.401(a)(9)-6, that is purchased or held under any plan, annuity, or account described in section 401(a), 403(a), 403(b), or 408 (other than a Roth IRA) or eligible governmental plan under section 457(b). | All amounts | February 28 | January 31 |
| 1098-T | Tuition Statement | Qualified tuition and related expenses, reimbursements or refunds, and scholarships or grants (optional). | See instructions | February 28* | January 31 |
| 1099-A | Acquisition or Abandonment of Secured Property | Information about the acquisition or abandonment of property that is security for a debt for which you are the lender. | All amounts | February 28* | (To Borrower) January 31 |
| 1099-B | Proceeds From Broker and Barter Exchange Transactions | Sales or redemptions of securities, futures transactions, commodities, and barter exchange transactions (including payments reported pursuant to an election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(A) or reported as described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(2)(iii)(A)). | All amounts | February 28* | February 15** |
| 1099-C | Cancellation of Debt | Cancellation of a debt owed to a financial institution, the federal government, a credit union, RTC, FDIC, NCUA, a military department, the U.S. Postal Service, the Postal Rate Commission, or any organization having a significant trade or business of lending money. | $600 or more | February 28* | January 31 |
| 1099-CAP | Changes in Corporate Control and Capital Structure | Information about cash, stock, or other property from an acquisition of control or the substantial change in capital structure of a corporation. | Over $1,000 | February 28* | (To Shareholders) January 31, (To Clearing Organization) January 5 |
| 1099-DIV | Dividends and Distributions | Distributions, such as dividends, capital gain distributions, or nontaxable distributions, that were paid on stock and liquidation distributions (including distributions reported pursuant to an election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(A) or reported as described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(2)(iii)(A)). | $10 or more, except $600 or more for liquidations | February 28* | January 31** |
| 1099-G | Certain Government Payments | Unemployment compensation, state and local income tax refunds, agricultural payments, and taxable grants. | $10 or more for refunds and unemployment | February 28* | January 31 |
| * The due date is March 31 if filed electronically. ** The due date is March 15 for reporting by trustees and middlemen of WHFITs. | |||||
Guide to Information Returns ( continued )
| Due Date | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Form | Title | What To Report | Amounts To Report | To IRS | To Recipient (unless indicated otherwise) |
| 1099-H | Health Coverage Tax Credit (HCTC) Advance Payments | Health insurance premiums paid on behalf of certain individuals. | All amounts | February 28* | January 31 |
| 1099-INT | Interest Income | Interest income (including payments reported pursuant to an election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(A) or reported as described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(2)(iii)(A)); market discount subject to an election under section 1278(b). Tax-exempt interest and U.S. Savings Bonds and Treasury obligations interest are also reported on this form. | $10 or more ($600 or more in some cases) | February 28* | January 31** |
| 1099-K | Payment Card and Third Party Network Transactions | Payment card transactions. | All amounts | February 28* | January 31 |
| Third party network transactions. | more than $600 | ||||
| 1099-LS | Reportable Life Insurance Sale | Payments made to a payment recipient in a reportable policy sale. | All amounts*** | February 28* | (To Reportable Policy Sale Payment Recipient) February 15, (To issuer) January 15 or earlier as required by Regulations section 1.6050Y-2(d)(2)(i)(A) |
| 1099-LTC | Long-Term Care and Accelerated Death Benefits | Payments under a long-term care insurance contract and accelerated death benefits paid under a life insurance contract or by a viatical settlement provider. | All amounts | February 28* | January 31 |
| 1099-MISC | Miscellaneous Information | Rent or royalty payments; prizes and awards that are not for services, such as winnings on TV or radio shows (including payments reported pursuant to an election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(A) or reported as described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(2)(iii)(A)). | $600 or more, except $10 or more for royalties | February 28* | January 31** |
| Payments to crew members by owners or operators of fishing boats including payments of proceeds from sale of catch. | All amounts | ||||
| Section 409A income from nonqualified deferred compensation plans (NQDCs). | All amounts | ||||
| Payments to a physician, physicians' corporation, or other supplier of health and medical services. Issued mainly by medical assistance programs or health and accident insurance plans. | $600 or more | ||||
| Fish purchases paid in cash for resale. | $600 or more | ||||
| Crop insurance proceeds. | $600 or more | ||||
| Substitute dividends and tax-exempt interest payments reportable by brokers. | $10 or more | February 15** | |||
| Gross proceeds paid to attorneys. | $600 or more | February 15** | |||
| A U.S. account for chapter 4 purposes to which you made no payments during the year that are reportable on any applicable Form 1099 (or a U.S. account to which you made payments during the year that do not reach the applicable reporting threshold for any applicable Form 1099) reported pursuant to an election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(A). | All amounts (including $0) | January 31** | |||
| Aggregated direct sales of consumer goods for resale. | $5,000 or more | ||||
| 1099-NEC | Nonemployee Compensation | Payments for services performed for a trade or business by people not treated as its employees (including payments reported pursuant to an election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(A) or reported as described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(2)(iii)(A)). Examples: fees to subcontractors or directors and golden parachute payments. | $600 or more | January 31 | January 31 |
| Aggregated direct sales of consumer goods for resale. | $5,000 or more | ||||
| 1099-OID | Original Issue Discount | Original issue discount (including amounts reported pursuant to an election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(A) or reported as described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(2)(iii)(A)); market discount subject to an election under section 1278(b). OID on U.S. Treasury obligations and tax-exempt OID are also reported on this form. Stated interest (other than stated interest that is OID) may be reported on this form. | $10 or more | February 28* | January 31** |
| * The due date is March 31 if filed electronically. ** The due date is March 15 for reporting by trustees and middlemen of WHFITs. *** See Regulations sections 1.6050Y-1(a)(16)(ii) and 1.6050Y-2(f)(2) for exceptions for amounts paid to persons other than sellers. Also, no amounts are required to be reported on statements furnished to issuers. See Regulations section 1.6050Y-2(d)(2)(i)(A). | |||||
Guide to Information Returns ( continued )
| Due Date | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Form | Title | What To Report | Amounts To Report | To IRS | To Recipient (unless indicated otherwise) |
| 1099-PATR | Taxable Distributions Received From Cooperatives | Distributions from cooperatives passed through to their patrons including any domestic production activities deduction and certain pass-through credits. | $10 or more | February 28* | January 31 |
| 1099-Q | Payments From Qualified Education Programs (Under Sections 529 and 530) | Earnings from qualified tuition programs and Coverdell ESAs. | All amounts | February 28* | January 31 |
| 1099-QA | Distributions From ABLE Accounts | Distributions from ABLE accounts. | All amounts | February 28 | January 31 |
| 1099-R | Distributions From Pensions, Annuities, Retirement or Profit-Sharing Plans, IRAs, Insurance Contracts, etc. | Distributions from retirement or profit-sharing plans, any IRA, insurance contracts, and IRA recharacterizations (including payments reported pursuant to an election described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(5)(i)(B) or reported as described in Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(2)(iii)(A)). | $10 or more | February 28* | January 31 |
| 1099-S | Proceeds From Real Estate Transactions | Gross proceeds from the sale or exchange of real estate and certain royalty payments. | Generally, $600 or more | February 28* | February 15 |
| 1099-SA | Distributions From an HSA, Archer MSA, or Medicare Advantage MSA | Distributions from an HSA, Archer MSA, or Medicare Advantage MSA. | All amounts | February 28* | January 31 |
| 1099-SB | Seller’s Investment in Life Insurance Contract | Seller’s investment in a life insurance contract as determined by the issuer. | All amounts | February 28* (except as provided in Regulations section 1.6050Y-3(c)) | February 15 (except as provided in Regulations section 1.6050Y-3(d)(2)) |
| 3921 | Exercise of an Incentive Stock Option Under Section 422(b) | Transfer of stock pursuant to the exercise of an incentive stock option under section 422(b). | All amounts | February 28* | January 31 |
| 3922 | Transfer of Stock Acquired Through an Employee Stock Purchase Plan Under Section 423(c) | Transfer of stock acquired through an employee stock purchase plan under section 423(c). | All amounts | February 28* | January 31 |
| 5498 | IRA Contribution Information | Contributions (including rollover contributions) to any individual retirement arrangement (IRA), including a SEP, SIMPLE, and Roth IRA; Roth conversions; IRA recharacterizations; and the fair market value (FMV) of the account (including information on hard-to-value assets). | All amounts | May 31 | (To Participant) For FMV/RMD/SIMPLE IRA contributions, January 31; For all other contributions, May 31 |
| 5498-ESA | Coverdell ESA Contribution Information | Contributions (including rollover contributions) to a Coverdell ESA. | All amounts | May 31 | April 30 |
| 5498-QA | ABLE Account Contributions Information | Contributions (including rollover contributions) to an ABLE account. | All amounts | May 31 | March 15 |
| 5498-SA | HSA, Archer MSA, or Medicare Advantage MSA Information | Contributions to an HSA (including transfers and rollovers) or Archer MSA and the FMV of an HSA, Archer MSA, or Medicare Advantage MSA. | All amounts | May 31 | (To Participant) May 31 |
| W-2G | Certain Gambling Winnings | Gambling winnings from horse racing, dog racing, jai alai, lotteries, keno, bingo, slot machines, sweepstakes, wagering pools, poker tournaments, etc. | Generally, $600 or more; $1,200 or more from bingo or slot machines; $1,500 or more from keno | February 28* | January 31 |
| * The due date is March 31 if filed electronically. | |||||
Types of Payments
Below is an alphabetic list of some payments and the forms to file and report them on. However, it is not a complete list of all payments, and the absence of a payment from the list does not indicate that the payment is not reportable. For instructions on a specific type of payment, see the separate instructions in the form(s) listed.
| Type of Payment | Report on Form |
|---|---|
| ABLE accounts: | |
| —Contributions | 5498-QA |
| —Distributions | 1099-QA |
| Abandonment | 1099-A |
| Accelerated death benefits | 1099-LTC |
| Acquisition of control | 1099-CAP |
| Agriculture payments | 1099-G |
| Allocated tips | W-2 |
| Alternate TAA payments | 1099-G |
| Annuities | 1099-R |
| Archer MSAs: | |
| —Contributions | 5498-SA |
| —Distributions | 1099-SA |
| Attorney, fees and gross proceeds | 1099-MISC |
| Auto reimbursements—employee | W-2 |
| Auto reimbursements—nonemployee | 1099-NEC |
| Awards—employee | W-2 |
| Awards—nonemployee | 1099-NEC |
| Barter exchange income | 1099-B |
| Bond tax credit | 1097-BTC |
| Bonuses—employee | W-2 |
| Bonuses—nonemployee | 1099-NEC |
| Broker transactions | 1099-B |
| Cancellation of debt | 1099-C |
| Capital gain distributions | 1099-DIV |
| Car expense—employee | W-2 |
| Car expense—nonemployee | 1099-NEC |
| Changes in capital structure | 1099-CAP |
| Charitable gift annuities | 1099-R |
| Commissions—employee | W-2 |
| Commissions—nonemployee | 1099-NEC |
| Commodities transactions | 1099-B |
| Compensation—employee | W-2 |
| Compensation—nonemployee | 1099-NEC |
| Contributions of motor vehicles, boats, and airplanes | 1098-C |
| Cost of current life insurance protection | 1099-R |
| Coverdell ESA contributions | 5498-ESA |
| Coverdell ESA distributions | 1099-Q |
| Crop insurance proceeds | 1099-MISC |
| Damages | 1099-MISC |
| Death benefits | 1099-R |
| Debt cancellation | 1099-C |
| Dependent care payments | W-2 |
| Direct rollovers | 1099-Q, 1099-R, 5498 |
| Direct sales of consumer products for resale | 1099-MISC, 1099-NEC |
| Directors' fees | 1099-MISC |
| Discharge of indebtedness | 1099-C |
| Dividends | 1099-DIV |
| Donation of motor vehicle | 1098-C |
| Education loan interest | 1098-E |
| Employee business expense reimbursement | W-2 |
| Employee compensation | W-2 |
| Excess deferrals, excess contributions-distributions | 1099-R |
| Exercise of incentive stock option under section 422(b) | 3921 |
| Fees—employee | W-2 |
| Fees—nonemployee | 1099-NEC |
| Fishing boat crew members proceeds | 1099-MISC |
| Fish purchases for cash | 1099-MISC |
| Foreclosures | 1099-A |
| Foreign persons' income | 1042-S |
| 401(k) contributions | W-2 |
| 404(k) dividend | 1099-DIV |
| Gambling winnings | W-2G |
| Golden parachute—employee | W-2 |
| Golden parachute—nonemployee | 1099-NEC |
| Grants—taxable | 1099-G |
| Health care services | 1099-MISC |
| Health coverage tax credit (HCTC) advance .payments | 1099-H |
| Health savings accounts: | |
| —Contributions | 5498-SA |
| —Distributions | 1099-SA |
| Income attributable to domestic production activities, deduction for | 1099-PATR |
| Income tax refunds—state and local | 1099-G |
| Indian gaming profits paid to tribal members | 1099-MISC |
| Interest income | 1099-INT |
| Tax-exempt | 1099-INT |
| Interest, mortgage | 1098 |
| IRA contributions | 5498 |
| IRA distributions | 1099-R |
| Life insurance contract distributions | 1099-R, 1099-LTC |
| Liquidation—distributions | 1099-DIV |
| Loans, distribution from pension plan | 1099-R |
| Long-term care benefits | 1099-LTC |
| Medicare Advantage MSAs: | |
| —Contributions | 5498-SA |
| —Distributions | 1099-SA |
| Medical services | 1099-MISC |
| Mileage—employee | W-2 |
| Mileage—nonemployee | 1099-NEC |
| Military retirement | 1099-R |
| Mortgage assistance payments | 1098-MA |
| Mortgage interest | 1098 |
| Moving expense | W-2 |
| Nonemployee compensation | 1099-NEC |
| Nonqualified deferred compensation: | |
| —Beneficiary | 1099-R |
| —Employee | W-2 |
| Nonemployee | 1099-NEC |
| Original issue discount (OID) | 1099-OID |
| Tax-exempt OID | 1099-OID |
| Patronage dividends | 1099-PATR |
| Payment card transactions | 1099-K |
| Pensions | 1099-R |
| Points | 1098 |
| Prizes—employee | W-2 |
| Prizes—nonemployee | 1099-NEC |
| Profit-sharing plan | 1099-R |
| Punitive damages | 1099-MISC |
| Qualified longevity annuity contract | 1098-Q |
| Qualified plan distributions | 1099-R |
| Qualified tuition program payments | 1099-Q |
| Real estate transactions | 1099-S |
| Recharacterized IRA contributions | 1099-R, 5498 |
| Refund—state and local tax | 1099-G |
| Rents | 1099-MISC |
| Reportable policy sale | 1099-LS |
| Retirement | 1099-R |
| Roth conversion IRA contributions | 5498 |
| Roth conversion IRA distributions | 1099-R |
| Roth IRA contributions | 5498 |
| Roth IRA distributions | 1099-R |
| Royalties | 1099-MISC, 1099-S |
| Timber—pay-as-cut contract | 1099-S |
| Sales: | |
| —Real estate | 1099-S |
| —Securities | 1099-B |
| Section 1035 exchange | 1099-R |
| Seller’s investment in life insurance contract | 1099-SB |
| SEP contributions | W-2, 5498 |
| SEP distributions | 1099-R |
| Severance pay | W-2 |
| Sick pay | W-2 |
| SIMPLE contributions | W-2, 5498 |
| SIMPLE distributions | 1099-R |
| Student loan interest | 1098-E |
| Substitute payments in lieu of dividends or tax-exempt interest | 1099-MISC |
| Supplemental unemployment | W-2 |
| Tax refunds—state and local | 1099-G |
| Third party network transactions | 1099-K |
| Tips | W-2 |
| Traditional IRA contributions | 5498 |
| Traditional IRA distributions | 1099-R |
| Transfer of stock acquired through an employee stock purchase plan under section 423(c) | 3922 |
| Tuition | 1098-T |
| Unemployment benefits | 1099-G |
| Vacation allowance—employee | W-2 |
| Vacation allowance—nonemployee | 1099-NEC |
| Wages | W-2 |